Rare Pediatrics News
Disease Profile
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
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Age of onset
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ICD-10
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Inheritance
Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.
Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.
X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.
Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Not applicable
Other names (AKA)
HTLV-1; Human T lymphotropic virus type 1
Categories
Viral infections
Summary
Human T
Symptoms
Approximately 2-5% of people with HTLV-1 will develop ATL, a
- Fatigue
- Lymphadenopathy (swollen
lymph nodes ) - Thirst
- Nausea and vomiting
- Fever
- Skin and bone abnormalities
- Enlarged liver and/or spleen
- Frequent infections
Roughly .25-2% of people with HTLV-1 will develop HAM/TSP, a chronic, progressive disease of the nervous system. Signs and symptoms of this condition vary but may include:[2][3]
- Progressive weakness
- Stiff muscles
- Muscle spasms
- Backache
- 'Weak' bladder
- Constipation
Cause
Diagnosis
Treatment
Learn more
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
Where to Start
- The National Cancer Institute provides the most current information on cancer for patients, health professionals, and the general public.
- The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) has a report for patients and families about this condition. NORD is a patient advocacy organization for individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them.
In-Depth Information
- Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
- PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.
Selected Full-Text Journal Articles
- Oh U, Jacobson S. Treatment of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis: toward rational targeted therapy. Neurol Clin. 2008 Aug;26(3):781-97, ix-x.
References
- David T Scadden, MD; Andrew R Freedman, FRCP; Paul Robertson, MRCP. Human T-lymphotropic virus type I: Virology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology. UpToDate. June 2014;
- HTLV Type I and Type II. NORD. May 2012; https://www.rarediseases.org/rare-disease-information/rare-diseases/byID/1203/viewAbstract.
- Ewa Maria Szczypinska, MD. Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Viruses. Medscape. August 2014; https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/219285-overview.
- David T Scadden, MD; Andrew R Freedman, FRCP; Paul Robertson, MRCP. Human T-lymphotropic virus type I: Disease associations, diagnosis, and treatment. UpToDate. March 2014;
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